The Civil War

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The Civil War

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

“The great variety of the local institutions in the States, springing from differences in the soil, differences in the face of the country, and in the climate, are bonds of Union. They do not make ‘a house divided against itself,’ but they make a house united. . . . But can this question of slavery be considered as among these varieties in the institutions of the country?” —Abraham Lincoln

In this passage, Lincoln defends his idea that

a.	all states should have the same goals and values.
b.	being against slavery does not mean he is against the individual rights of states.
c.	a variety of opinions is not necessarily best.
d.	the strong bond which slavery has brought to the South must be broken to achieve a more perfect Union.

According to the map above, which was the next state after South Carolina to secede from the Union?

a.	Virginia	c.	Alabama
b.	Georgia	d.	Mississippi

After viewing the map above, pick the answer choice which best describes why this territory acquired the nickname “Bleeding Kansas.”

a.	the invasion of the border ruffians
b.	the violence in the Kansas territory over the slavery issue
c.	the Kansas-Nebraska Act
d.	the ruffians from the Nebraska territory who staged riots in Kansas

“I think I am a Whig; but others say there are not Whigs, and that I am an abolitionist. . . . I now do no more than oppose the extension of slavery. I am not a Know-Nothing. . . . How could I be? How can any one who abhors the oppression of negroes, be in favor of degrading classes of white people? . . . As a nation, we began by declaring ‘all men are created equal.’ We now practically read it ‘all men are created equal except negroes.’ When the Know-Nothings get control, it will read ‘all men are created equal, except negroes, and foreigners, and catholics.’” —Abraham Lincoln

After reading this quotation, you can assume that the “Know-Nothings” to which Lincoln refer are

a.	members of a political party.	c.	ignorant slaveholders.
b.	ignorant Southerners.	d.	citizens who abstained from voting.

According to the above chart, the ____ is the oldest U.S. political party that held influence during the 1850s.

a.	Liberty Party	c.	Democratic Party
b.	American Party	d.	Republican Party

“ . . . how do you propose to improve the condition of the things by enlarging slavery—by spreading it out and making it bigger? You may have a wen [sore] or cancer upon your person and not be able to cut it out lest you bleed to death; but surely it is no way to cure it, to engraft it and spread it over your whole body. That is no proper way of treating what you regard a wrong.” —Abraham Lincoln, quoted in The Civil War: Opposing Viewpoints

In this speech, Lincoln is trying to get Americans to

a.	understand the nature of slavery and to know the national consequences of its existence.
b.	support the ideals of slavery no matter what the consequences.
c.	unite into parties who will dissolve slavery without any ill effects.
d.	create an environment where slavery can expand for the betterment of the nation.

A ____ was not a factor leading up to the Civil War, according to the chart.

a.	controversial Supreme Court ruling	c.	granting of citizenship to minorities
b.	violent massacre by an abolitionist	d.	secession of Southern states

Robert E. Lee did not accept command of the Union troops because

a.	he believed in slavery.
b.	he supported secession.
c.	he could not fight against Virginia.
d.	he already commanded Confederate troops.

Citizens of the South suffered food shortages during the Civil War because

a.	most Southern farms grew cotton, not food crops.
b.	the Confederate government was sending most of the food to the troops.
c.	the Confederate government was focusing its spending on weapons production.
d.	the South’s transportation system had collapsed and Union troops occupied several important agricultural regions.

10.

Benjamin Grierson’s forces traveled 600 miles in order to

a.	disrupt supply lines sustaining the city of Vicksburg.
b.	slow the advance of Grant’s troops toward Vicksburg.
c.	buy time for reinforcements to reach the beleaguered defenders of Vicksburg.
d.	distract Confederate forces so Grant could land south of Vicksburg.

11.

In the election of 1864, candidate George McClellan promised to

a.	crush the South swiftly.	c.	nullify the Emancipation Proclamation.
b.	stop the fighting and negotiate.	d.	punish the South at war’s end.

12.

All of the following were advantages the North enjoyed over the South EXCEPT

a.	a larger population.	c.	more military colleges.
b.	more industry.	d.	more miles of railroad tracks.

13.

Study the map of the area around Vicksburg, Mississippi, to help you complete this statement: Capturing Vicksburg was an important objective for the North because

a.	its location close to the North’s southern border made invasion from there a threat to the North.
b.	its capture would give the North control of the Mississippi River delta.
c.	it was the last Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River and its capture would cut the South in two.
d.	its capture would prevent the South from shipping its cotton to Europe.

14.

According to the time line above, in 1861 the Civil War began when Fort Sumter was fired upon. Within four years the ____ occurred that signified the end of the war between the Northern and Southern armies.

a.	Emancipation Proclamation
b.	Fall of Atlanta
c.	assassination of Abraham Lincoln
d.	surrender of Lee to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse.

“Must I shoot a simple-minded soldier boy who deserts, while I must not touch a hair of a wily agitator who induces him to desert?” —President Abraham Lincoln

15.

In these words, President Lincoln defends his decision to hold in jail indefinitely

a.	Union troops who deserted the war.
b.	anyone that encourages someone to resist enlistment.
c.	Confederates who join the Union ranks and fight along side the Northerners..
d.	newspaper editors who disagreed with his policies.

16.

According to the map of the Gettysburg battle, ____ is a location which was secured by the Confederate forces.

a.	Little Round Top	c.	Seminary Ridge
b.	Devil’s Den	d.	Cemetery Ridge

17.

President Andrew Johnson believed that the ____ caused the Civil War.

a.	Southern politicians	c.	rich planter elite
b.	Northern abolitionists	d.	Radical Republicans in Congress

18.

Under the Republicans’ Reconstruction plan, before former Confederate states could elect people to Congress, they had to

a.	ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.	c.	deny rights to Confederate leaders.
b.	ratify the Fifteenth Amendment.	d.	give African Americans state jobs.

19.

Several Republican senators joined with the Democrats in voting not to remove President Johnson from office because they believed

a.	the actions he took did not constitute “high crimes and misdemeanors.”
b.	he did not do the acts with which he was charged.
c.	it would set a dangerous precedent to impeach a president because he did not agree with congressional policies.
d.	the president should have the right to choose his own cabinet.

20.

The diagram illustrates the wave of fear known as the Panic of 1873. Which of the following events does the question mark in the diagram represent?

a.	the bankruptcy of the Bank of the United States
b.	the collapse of Reconstruction
c.	the bankruptcy of Jay Cooke and Company
d.	the sharp fall in the value of paper money

21.

Ulysses S. Grant believed that the role of the president was to

a.	make policy.	c.	take the lead in all areas.
b.	carry out the laws.	d.	serve as a role model.

22.

Horace Greeley was nominated to oppose Grant’s re-election by

a.	the Liberal Republicans.	c.	the Liberal Democrats.
b.	the Democrats.	d.	the Peace Democrats.

“They [Southerners] will continue to assert the inferiority of the African, and they would today, if possible, precipitate the United States into a foreign war, believing that they could then reassert and obtain their independence. . . . On the whole, looking at the affair from all sides, it amounts to just this: If the Northern people are content to be ruled over by the Southerners, they will continue in the Union, if not, the first chance they get they will rise again.” —Senator Charles Sumner

23.

What do you believe Charles Sumner’s words above meant?

a.	He didn’t trust Southerners.
b.	He thought that Southerners had been amply punished.
c.	He thought that immigrants were a big problem.
d.	Northerners had the upper hand over Southerners.

24.

Through their inventions, all of the following contributed to the breakfast you might eat, except for

a.	Ashbourne.	c.	Latimer.
b.	Bell.	d.	Elkins.

Enforcement Acts

1) Made it a federal crime to interfere with a citizen’s right to vote.

2) Put federal elections under the supervision of federal marshals.

3) Outlawed the activities of the Ku Klux Klan.

25.

According to the information in the chart above, the overall objective of passing the Enforcement Acts was to

a.	stop the Ku Klux Klan.	c.	ensure voting rights for all citizens.
b.	punish former Confederates officers.	d.	enforce fair taxes in the South.

26.

The graph above shows that every Southern crop was at its peak production by the turn of the new century except for

a.	tobacco.	c.	cotton.
b.	corn.	d.	rice.

“I want to know particularly what the good chance is you propose to give me. I am doing tolerably well here. I get $25 a month, with victuals and clothing. [I] have a comfortable home for Mandy (the folks here call her Mrs. Anderson). And the children, Milly, Jane, and Grundy, go to school and are learning well. . . . We are kindly treated. . . . Many . . . would have been proud, as I used to [be], to call you master. Now, if you will write and say what wages you will give me, I will be better able to decide whether it would be to my advantage to move back again.”—Jourdan Anderson, former slave, writing to his former master

27.

The former slave, Jourdan, is writing this letter

a.	as a reaction to his anger over his former master’s request that Jourdan return to labor for him.
b.	to seek employment with his former master. The tone of the letter indicates that Jourdan would really like a job.
c.	in response to a proposal to return to work for his former master. Although Jourdan is comfortable in his present life, he will consider doing so, but he must know the wages before he’ll make a decision.
d.	as a smug freedman who wants no part of returning to work for his former master.

28.

The issue which led to the Civil War and resulted in the Compromise of 1850 was the issue of __________.

a.	admission of Texas to the Union.
b.	maintaining the balance of power of slave and free states in the Senate.
c.	a high protective tariff.
d.	the civil war in Kansas.

29.

The Dred Scott decision encouraged southerners when the Supreme Court ruled that __________.

a.	slaves are property and property could be taken to any territory.
b.	the question of slavery in the territories should be decided by popular sovereignty.
c.	the Emancipation Proclamation was unconstitutional.
d.	the President of the United States does not have the power to free the slaves.

30.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act resulted in __________.

a.	civil war in Kansas
b.	the admission of two new slave states
c.	the admission of one new slave state and one new free state
d.	the 3/5 Compromise

31.

What did Winston County, Alabama, and the western counties of Virginia have in common?

a.	They were both sites of slave rebellions.
b.	They withdrew from their home state when their state left the Union.
c.	They were hot beds for secession.
d.	They were the centers of industry for the Confederacy

32.

Perhaps the most important result of the Emancipation Proclamation __________.

a.	it made the Civil War a war against slavery, and the British did not intervene on the side of the Confederacy.
b.	it freed all slaves.
c.	it resulted in immediate equality for black Union soldiers.
d.	it caused a split in the Republican Party.

33.

The first state to secede from the Union was __________.

a.	Alabama	c.	Virginia
b.	South Carolina	d.	Mississippi

34.

When the Civil War began in 1861, Northern blacks __________.

a.	were not allowed to become Union soldiers
b.	were immediately drafted into the Army
c.	were given the right to vote in all states
d.	held draft riots

35.

Which event was a decisive military turning point in the United States Civil war?

a.	the Confederate victory at Bull Run
b.	Sherman's march through Georgia
c.	the Union victory at Antietam
d.	the Battle of Gettysburg

36.

Which of the following was not a goal of the Radical Republicans' plan for Reconstruction?

a.	breaking the power of the Southern planters
b.	black suffrage
c.	allowing Southern states to rejoin the Union without penalty
d.	delaying Reconstruction until a majority of Southern white males had taken oath of loyalty to the Union

37.

How did Grant's administration attempt to deal with Klan terrorism in the South?

a.	The Compromise of 1877 was implemented
b.	The 14th Amendment was ratified
c.	The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was passed
d.	A series of enforcement acts outlawing terrorist societies were passed

38.

When the Civil War began, Abraham Lincoln’s main goal was to __________.

a.	free the slaves	c.	restore the Union
b.	punish the South	d.	bring an end to the war

39.

All of the following are lines from the Gettysburg Address except __________.

a.	“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation.”
b.	“The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.”
c.	“. . . and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”
d.	“Right on they move, as with one soul, in perfect order without impediment of ditch, or wall, or stream . . .”

40.

Abraham Lincoln’s approach to Reconstruction could be summarized
as an effort to __________.

a.	punish the South
b.	delegate Reconstruction to Congress
c.	follow the South’s plan for Reconstruction
d.	make it relatively easy for the South to return to the Union

41.

Johnson defended his vetoes of Congressional bills on the grounds
that they __________.

a.	violated the Constitution
b.	were not what Lincoln had intended
c.	would cause a national economic disaster
d.	did not adequately meet the needs of former slaves

42.

John Brown __________.

a.	was hanged for mass murder at Pottawatomie Creek in Kansas
b.	became a martyr to the antislavery cause
c.	initiated a major slave uprising in Virginia
d.	was acquitted of treason after his capture at Harper's Ferry

43.

What action convinced the states of Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee to leave the Union and join the Confederacy?

a.	Lincoln's election
b.	the attack on Fort Sumter
c.	moving the capital to Richmond, Virginia
d.	Lincoln's call for seventy-five thousand volunteers to suppress the rebellion

44.

At the beginning of the Civil War, the South enjoyed all of the following advantages except __________.

a.	it was fighting a defensive war
b.	it was fighting mostly on its own territory with the support of a friendly population
c.	it had a better transportation system
d.	a more unified population

45.

The federal government used all of the following means to finance the war except __________.

a.	empowering state banks to issue their own currency
b.	the sale of war bonds
c.	an income tax
d.	issuing paper money

46.

General George B. McClellan __________.

a.	was a charismatic leader who excelled in the training of troops
b.	lacked confidence and was hated by his men
c.	was criticized by Lincoln for being overaggressive and rash in committing his troops to battle
d.	proved to be the only Union commander who could effectively challenge Robert E. Lee

47.

With most southern Democratic congressmen and senators eliminated from government, the congressional Republicans were able to do all of the following except __________.

a.	lower the tariff rate
b.	charter the building of the first transcontinental railroad
c.	pass legislation to promote settlement of the West
d.	award the states vast tracts of public land to finance agricultural and mechanical colleges

48.

At the Battle of Chancellorsville __________.

a.	the North suffered from a poor plan of battle
b.	the southern victory was marred by the loss of Stonewall Jackson
c.	Lee suffered his first major defeat on southern soil
d.	"Fighting Joe" Hooker emerged as the North's most successful general

49.

Sherman's capture of Atlanta

a.	was actually a mistake because his army was trapped there
b.	was inconsequential because the Confederate army escaped
c.	brought the war to a speedy conclusion
d.	helped secure Lincoln's reelection in 1864

50.

The purpose of General William Tecumseh Sherman's "March to the Sea" through Georgia was to __________.

a.	trap and destroy the Confederate army
b.	escape a Confederate trap
c.	destroy everything that might be of use to the enemy
d.	link up with Grant's army