Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Defenders of laissez-faire
economics believed that government should __________.
a. | promote collective
bargaining. | b. | leave business alone | c. | refuse to recognize the corporate form of
ownership | d. | abolish free enterprise |
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2.
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As a result of the Haymarket
riot, the Knights of Labor
a. | suffered a decline in
membership | b. | gained the respect of most Americans | c. | merged with the American Federation of
Labor | d. | recruited many members from the American Federation of
Labor. |
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3.
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The Mugwumps favored a system
of giving government jobs to people who had
a. | shown they were loyal party
workers | b. | demonstrated their commitment to the patronage
system | c. | taken an examination to determine their fitness for
jobs | d. | worked for the passage of the Civil Service"
Act. |
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4.
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The Conservatives who dominated
southern politics after Reconstruction supported
a. | a policy of
laissez-faire | b. | state laws that regulated economic affairs | c. | the return of Radical
Reconstruction | d. | the establishment of regional subtreasuries in agricultural
areas. |
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5.
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The term "solid
South" refers to control of that region's politics by __________.
a. | the Republican
party | c. | the Populist
party | b. | black people. | d. | the Democratic party. |
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6.
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After the election of 1896, the
Populist movement
a. | was able to defeat the Dingley
Tariff Bill | b. | Took control of the Republican party | c. | declared its support of the gold
standard | d. | declined in importance. |
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7.
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Disclosures about the Whiskey
Ring were embarrassing to the Grant administration because they revealed that
___________.
a. | President Grant had accepted bribes
from distillers | b. | members of Congress had been bribed to abolish the excise tax on
whiskey | c. | President Grant's personal secretary was involved in the
scandal | d. | President Grant had supported the repeal of the excise tax on
whiskey. |
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8.
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Which of the following were
associated with the farmers' protest movement of the late 1800s?
I. the Grange
II. Populist
party
III. Mugwumps
IV. Knights
of Labor
a. | I only | c. | I, II, and IV only | b. | I and II only | d. | II, III, and IV only |
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9.
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Farmers favored the minting of
silver coins because such a step would __________.
a. | encourage
deflation | b. | help people who lent money | c. | inflate the currency | d. | make borrowing money more
difficult |
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10.
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Which group immigrated to the
United States because of problems in their native land?
a. | Scandinavians | c. | Catholics | b. | Jews | d. | Japanese |
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11.
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During the late 1800s industry
was attracted to Chicago because the city __________.
a. | served as the port of entry for most
immigrants | b. | was at the hub of an excellent transportation
network | c. | had a government that was free of corruption | d. | did not have crowded slum
neighborhoods |
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12.
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All of the following were
concerned with solving problems of the poor EXCEPT __________.
a. | the Social
Gospel | c. | the Salvation
Army | b. | Hull House. | d. | the Chicago Exposition. |
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13.
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Defenders of progressive
education believed that schools should __________.
a. | encourage rote-learning
routines | b. | tailor their program to the needs of
students | c. | eliminate instruction about health and family
life | d. | refuse to educate children who could not speak
English |
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14.
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As a result of an agreement on
Samoa, reached in 1899, the United States __________.
a. | obtained the harbor at Pago
Pago | b. | gained sole control of the entire island | c. | lost trading rights with the
island | d. | established a canal that linked the Atlantit and Pacific
oceans. |
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15.
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The Wisconsin Idea was based on
popular participation in government and the __________.
a. | unionization of all
workers | b. | recruitment of experts to solve state
problems | c. | reliance on local political machines | d. | elimination of a tax system based on the ability to
pay. |
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16.
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Under Governor Robert La
Follette, the Wisconsin legislature __________.
a. | eliminated the civil service
system | b. | repealed laws protecting workers | c. | established the direct primary in state
elections | d. | abolished the railroad rate
commission. |
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17.
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Which of the following laws
were supported by President Theodore Roosevelt?
I. Meat
Inspection Act
II. Pure Food and Drug Act
III. Hepburn Act
IV. Forest
Homestead Act
a. | I and II
only | c. | I, III, and IV
only | b. | I, II, and III only | d. | I, II, III, and IV |
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18.
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The Hepburn Act was passed in
order to strengthen the __________.
a. | Department of Commerce and
Labor | b. | National Consumers League | c. | Northern Securities
Company | d. | Interstate Commerce Commission. |
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19.
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The value of the Bureau of
Corporations rested on the assumption that __________.
a. | businesses would stay honest if the
public examined their activities | b. | all trusts had to be broken up | c. | industry would prosper if workers were allowed to form
unions | d. | the trusts could supervise
themselves. |
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20.
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In the early 1900s the
Socialist party believed that the government should __________.
a. | leave the trusts
alone | b. | assume ownership of large businesses | c. | regulate the business practices of
trusts | d. | break up trusts into smaller
units. |
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21.
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The Federal Trade Commission
was set up to __________.
a. | protect labor unions from antitrust
laws | b. | establish an eight-hour work day | c. | reduce tariffs on many
imports | d. | preserve competition in business |
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22.
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President Wilson favored the
Federal Reserve Act because he wanted to see __________.
a. | government regulation of
credit | b. | the Federal Reserve Board abolished | c. | banks make borrowing money more difficult for
investors | d. | monetary reserves returned to private
banks. |
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23.
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With which industry are
Gustavus Swift and Philip Armour associated?
a. | Meatpacking | c. | railroads | b. | electric power | d. | oil |
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24.
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Why were early efforts to enact
federal bans on child labor
unsuccessful?
a. | They had little public
support. | b. | Labor unions fought the legislation. | c. | Factory owners simply ignored the
laws. | d. | The Supreme Court ruled them
unconstitutional. |
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25.
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Horatio Alger's "rags
to riches" stories reinforced the belief that __________.
a. | hard work could lead to wealth
despite a man's humble beginnings | b. | God favored those who succeeded in becoming
rich | c. | the poor were lazy people | d. | those who were rich were born to be
rich |
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26.
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The United States government
passed several laws pertaining to immigration because __________.
a. | Chinese workers worked for lower
wages than white American workers and labor unions demanded that the government restrict their entry
into the United States. | b. | Asians were a major source of labor and they were
encouraged to come to America. | c. | Americans welcomed cultural diversity in the late
1800's. | d. | America was the "land of opportunity" and welcomed all
people. |
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27.
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Which of the following would
not have been true of women and children in the industrial work force of the early 20"
Century?
a. | Few child labor laws existed and
they did not apply to farming. Children often worked twelve-hour days
in the fields. | b. | Wages paid to women and children were much lower than those paid to
men. | c. | Children, as young as twelve, worked long hours in factories and were
often injured or killed in industrial
accidents. | d. | Child labor laws and minimum wage laws were strictly enforced by the
government. |
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28.
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Which of the following was not
associated with changes in American public education during the Progressive Era?
a. | emphasis on rote learning and
memorization | b. | the idea that teaching techniques should meet the needs and interests
of the children in the classroom | c. | John Dewey | d. | schools should train students in
citizenship |
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29.
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Which of the following
correctly matches the candidate in the election of 1912 to his party?
a. | Theodore Roosevelt - Republican
Party | b. | William Taft - Progressive Party | c. | Woodrow Wilson - Democratic
Party | d. | Robert LaFollette Socialist
Party |
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30.
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Upton Sinclair's novel,
The Jungle influenced public opinion to such an extent that __________.
a. | Roosevelt persuaded Congress to pass
the Pure Food and Drug Act | b. | many states passed minimum wage laws | c. | state legislatures passed factory safety laws and new
regulations | d. | Wilson convinced Congress to pass the Keating-Owen Child Labor
Act |
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31.
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The Nineteenth Amendment, to
the constitution, allowed for __________.
a. | Suffrage for
women | c. | prohibition of
liquor | b. | federal income tax | d. | direct election of senators |
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32.
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 According to the
chart above, the two states of ____ and ____ together held the most manufacturing facilities of all
states in 1870.a. | New York,
Pennsylvania | c. | New York,
Ohio | b. | Pennsylvania, Ohio | d. | Pennsylvania, Illinois |
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33.
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The government offered each
railroad company building the transcontinental railroad land along its right-of-way
to
a. | give railroad workers a place to
live. | b. | encourage rapid construction of the tracks. | c. | allow the companies to build stations at important points
along the way. | d. | encourage the growth of towns along the
tracks. |
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34.
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Because of the shortage of
workers in California, the Central Pacific Railroad hired workers from
a. | China. | c. | Ireland. | b. | Japan. | d. | Mexico. |
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35.
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Supporters of laissez-faire
believed the government should interfere in the economy only to
a. | protect property rights and maintain
peace. | b. | protect new domestic businesses from foreign
competition. | c. | keep prices from rising too high. | d. | bring the country out of an economic
crisis. |
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36.
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It made sense for big
corporations to continue operating during poor economic times because
a. | their operating costs were so small
compared to their fixed costs. | b. | their fixed costs were so small compared to their operating
costs. | c. | their stock provided a continuous source of income in bad times as well as
good. | d. | they could always raise prices to bring in more
money. |
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37.
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 Which of the
displayed factors for industrialization was not influenced by government policies to some
degree?a. | cheap immigrant
labor | c. | high
tariffs | b. | development of monopolies | d. | abundant natural resources |
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38.
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 According to the
graph above, when did the tonnage production of steel begin to rise significantly within the United
States?a. | 1865 | c. | between 1855 and 1895 | b. | between 1870 and 1875 | d. | between 1865 and 1870 |
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“Man must have an
idol—The amassing of wealth is one of the worst species of idolatry. To continue much longer
overwhelmed by business cares . . . must degrade me beyond hope of permanent recovery.”
—Andrew Carnegie
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39.
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 Based on the quote
and your knowledge of history, which answer choice reflects Andrew Carnegie’s
actions?a. | Ignoring all reason, he worked while
his company failed to make a profit. | b. | He retired early in his career, failing to reap benefits from his successful
companies. | c. | He worked until forced to retire to ensure the largest amount of personal
wealth possible. | d. | He retired and created a system to donate millions of dollars to charitable
activities. |
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“ . . . An energetic
young transient, Aaron Montgomery Ward . . . saw that he could [purchase] large quantities
for cash direct from manufacturers and then [sell] it to rural consumers.”
—from The Americans: The
Democratic Experience
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40.
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 The best way to
describe what the pioneer entrepreneur Aaron Montgomery Ward started, according to this excerpt, is
the ____ concept of selling.a. | mail-order | c. | manufacturing | b. | seed | d. | cash-direct |
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“And as their souls ascended
To
God who gave them breath
They plead against the company
Whose greed had caused their
death.”
—Miner’s song, 1869 | |
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41.
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 According to this
1869 miner’s song’s lyrics, ____ was to blame for the loss of life.a. | ascension from
suffocation | c. | injuries from
rocks | b. | the company’s greed | d. | dampness |
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“Men, if you must die
with your boots on, die for your families, your homes, your country, but do not longer consent to die
like rats in a trap. . . . ” —from Labor’s Untold Story
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42.
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 From the excerpt
above, you can infer that if miners were to lose their lives they should not do soa. | for their
homes. | c. | for their
company. | b. | for their families. | d. | for their country. |
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43.
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In 1876 and 1888, presidential
candidates won the popular vote
a. | and the Electoral College
majority. | c. | on the Populist
Party ticket. | b. | but still lost the election. | d. | in spite of scandals. |
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44.
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Theodore Roosevelt became
president
a. | by defeating William Jennings
Bryan. | c. | when McKinley died of
pneumonia. | b. | by defeating William McKinley. | d. | when McKinley was assassinated. |
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45.
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Roosevelt believed that
Taft’s focus on breaking up trusts would
a. | promote competition and lower prices
for consumers. | b. | please progressives and help the Republicans stay in
power. | c. | destroy the system of cooperation and regulation Roosevelt had
arranged. | d. | ruin the efficiency of business and cause prices to
rise. |
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46.
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Wilson believed lower tariff
rates would lead American companies to
a. | go out of
business. | c. | invest in foreign
companies. | b. | form trusts. | d. | improve products and lower
prices. |
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| Progressives
Support | | Government Reforms | Business Regulation | Social Reforms | | Commission and city-manager forms of government | Consumer protection laws | Child labor laws | | The
Seventeenth Amendment, which gave voters the right to elect senators directly | The Federal Trade Commission, which was set up to regulate
business | Workers’
compensation legislation | | The Nineteenth Amendment, which gave women
the right to vote | The Federal
Reserve system, which was set up to control the money supply | The temperance movement, which worked to ban
alcohol | | | |
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47.
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 According to the
graphic, ____ was the main goal of progressive government reforms?a. | to give industrialists more control
over government | b. | to give voters more control over government | c. | to give U.S. industries a better chance to compete in
foreign markets | d. | to give the federal government more power over state
governments |
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48.
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 According to the
graphic, by how much did the total female labor force grow between 1900 and
1920?a. | 310,000 | c. | 4,525,000 | b. | 2,300,000 | d. | 3,230,000 |
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49.
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 Under which form(s)
of city government do voters elect a mayor?a. | council-manager form
only | b. | mayor-council form only | c. | commissioner form only | d. | council-manager and mayor-council
forms |
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“There are now more than
500 broadcasting stations. . . . The amateur listener is unfortunate, indeed who cannot hear any one
that he chooses among half a dozen, while the more patient or skillful person can pick up one after
another a score of stations.” —from The Radio Catches On
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50.
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 Why are amateur
listeners less fortunate than skilled listeners?a. | They typically do not listen to more
than six radio stations. | b. | The get confused by the many radio station
available. | c. | Their radios cannot receive signals from most radio
stations. | d. | There are only a few radio stations on the
air. |
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