Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best
completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Signal-detection theory attempts to find out __________.
a. | how psychological factors affect perception | c. | which cues are the most effective
for showing depth | b. | the lowest sounds that people and animals can
hear | d. | all of the
above |
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2.
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Through the process of sensory adaptation, we learn __________.
a. | to block out sounds we hear frequently | c. | to pay closer attention to sounds
we hear frequently | b. | to block out sounds that are
unfamiliar | d. | to pay closer
attention to familiar images |
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3.
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The main colors of the visible spectrum are __________.
a. | red, green, black, white, orange, and brown | c. | red, blue, and
green | b. | red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet | d. | yellow, orange, blue, black, and
purple |
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4.
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The lens of the eye is responsible for __________.
a. | allowing enough light to enter the eye | c. | keeping objects in
focus | b. | processing an image | d. | carrying visual input to the brain |
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5.
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Rods in the retina allow us to recognize __________.
a. | colors | c. | the depth, or distance, of objects | b. | outlines of
objects | d. | the size of distant
objects |
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6.
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The cones in the retina are sensitive to __________.
a. | yellow and orange light | c. | blue, green, and red
light | b. | black and white | d. | all of the above |
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7.
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Sounds are caused by __________.
a. | electromagnetic energy | c. | motion parallax | b. | the release of sensory
neurons | d. | vibrations that
cause changes in air pressure |
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8.
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The gateway from the outer ear to the middle ear is the __________.
a. | stirrup | c. | cochlea | b. | eardrum | d. | auditory nerve |
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9.
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Conductive deafness occurs because of damage to the __________.
a. | inner ear | c. | cochlea | b. | middle ear | d. | auditory nerve |
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10.
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Smell and taste are known as the __________.
a. | skin senses | c. | vestibular senses | b. | photoreceptor senses | d. | chemical senses |
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11.
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A person's vestibular sense helps control __________.
a. | depth perception | c. | the process of eyes adjusting to a darkened
room | b. | the perception of pain | d. | balance |
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12.
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After wearing a pair of glasses for a while, you probably can't feel them
in contact with your skin. This is evidence of __________.
a. | natural analgesics | c. | the McCollough effect | b. | kinesthesia | d. | adaptation and habituation |
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13.
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Once people get dressed, they do not continue to feel their clothes against
their skin because __________.
a. | touch nerves do not return to baseline firing rates until they are no longer
stimulated | c. | responsiveness to a constant stimulus increases over time | b. | the sensory input
remains constant, thus the touch sense becomes habituated to the stimulus | d. | touch nerves respond sporadically to stimuli in
contact with the skin |
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14.
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A man cannot see things in the right half of his visual world, but his vision
in the left half of his visual world is normal. Most likely, this person has brain damage in
his __________.
a. | right visual cortex | c. | left visual cortex | b. | right eye | d. | left eye |
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15.
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In science fiction movies, when space ships shoot each other, the audience
hears a loud bang. In reality, no sound should occur because __________.
a. | it is too cold in space for sound to travel | c. | sound requires a medium like air,
which is absent in the vacuum of space | b. | in space, sound travels at the speed of
light-too fast for humans to hear | d. | these sounds are beyond the range of normal human
hearing |
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16.
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The difference between the peak and the trough of a sound wave is its
__________.
a. | frequency | c. | pitch | b. | intensity | d. | wavelength |
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17.
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Through the use of a special music synthesizer, the wavelength of a tone is
made longer. This will __________ the __________ of the tone.
a. | increase; frequency | c. | increase; amplitude | b. | decrease; frequency | d. | decrease;
amplitude |
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18.
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Hans and Franz are having a party for all their bodybuilder friends, but Hans
notices that the music is too soft and very high-pitched. He and Franz go over to the disc
jockey to see if they can do something about it. Franz says, "Hey, deejay with your flabby
pectorals-how come the music is soft and highpitched? We don't want to listen to no wimp
music! We want loud, low-pitched music!! We want you to pump [clap] up the __________
and pump [clap] down the __________!"
a. | frequency; amplitude | c. | timbre; frequency | b. | volume; frequency | d. | frequency;
timbre |
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19.
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Sound input from the left ear goes primarily to the __________.
a. | right cortex | c. | left cortex | b. | medulla | d. | hypothalamus |
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20.
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You are an evil scientist taking apart a normal human eyeball. In doing this,
which of the following would you be unable to physically touch?
a. | Cornea | c. | Iris | b. | Pupil | d. | Lens |
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21.
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Paula looks at a bright red tomato for a minute and then looks at a white
piece of paper. She is most likely going to see a __________ afterimage. This phenomenon led
to the __________ theory of color vision.
a. | blue; trichromatic | c. | yellow; opponent-process | b. | purple;
trichromatic | d. | green;
opponent-process |
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22.
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After staring at a blue computer screen for a few minutes, Padra glances up at
a white wall, where she sees a __________ image.
a. | red | c. | yellow | b. | blue | d. | green |
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23.
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The blind spot is created by __________.
a. | an increased density of photoreceptors | c. | the dendrites of retinal
cells | b. | the axons of ganglion cells | d. | retinal accessory structures |
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24.
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What is sensation?
a. | stimulation of senosory receptors | c. | your preception of
feelings | b. | the way you feel | d. | none of these |
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25.
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The minimum amount of energy needed to be sensed is called__________.
a. | absolute threshold | c. | signal-detetion theory | b. | difference
threshold | d. | sensory
adaption |
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26.
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The retina is like__________ working in the eye.
a. | an informatin transmitter | c. | film in a
camera | b. | a lining | d. | all of these |
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27.
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What is the pitch of a sound?
a. | loud or soft | c. | how high or low | b. | the amplitude of the
soundwaves | d. | none of
these |
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28.
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The rods in the retina are photoreceptors used primarily for__________.
a. | distinguishing different colors in daylight | c. | night vision under conditions of
dim lighting | b. | focusing the image accurately on the retina | d. | fine discrimination in the center of the
eye |
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29.
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You do not constantly feel your clothing on your body because of
a. | Weber's law. | c. | sensory adaptation. | b. | kinesthesis. | d. | difference
threshold. |
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30.
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Filling in gaps in what our senses tell us is called
a. | proximity. | c. | perceptual inference. | b. | figure-ground
perception. | d. | perceptual
constancy. |
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31.
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The absolute threshold is the ____ that a person can detect half of the
time.
a. | greatest change in a stimulus | c. | smallest change in a
stimulus | b. | weakest amount of a stimulus | d. | greatest amount of a
stimulus |
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32.
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Specialized receptor cells responsible for night vision are called
a. | lenses. | c. | rods. | b. | pupils. | d. | cones. |
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33.
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Smell receptors send messages to the brain via the ____ nerve.
a. | olfactory | c. | optic | b. | auditory | d. | vestibular |
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34.
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Which of the following is NOT a Gestalt principle?
a. | proximity | c. | similarity | b. | continuity | d. | illusion |
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35.
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Which of the following is NOT part of signal-detection theory?
a. | adaptation | c. | decision making | b. | motivation | d. | sensitivity |
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36.
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Which of the following explains the phenomenon of being able to follow one
person's voice at a noisy meeting?
a. | perceptual inference | c. | subliminal perception | b. | figure-ground
perception | d. | depth
perception |
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37.
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Light enters the eye through the
a. | retina. | c. | pupil. | b. | lens. | d. | cornea. |
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38.
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The four primary sensory experiences that make up taste are
a. | sour, salty, bitter, and sweet. | c. | sweet, spicy, hot, and
sour. | b. | warm, cold, spicy, and bland. | d. | salty, sweet, hot, and
cold. |
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39.
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Which of the following monocular depth cues explains why objects appear to move
when you move your head from side to side?
a. | interposition | c. | motion parallax | b. | texture-density gradient | d. | relative motion |
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40.
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Which of the following statements is true?
a. | Color deficiency affects more women than men. | c. | Color deficiency affects more men
than women. | b. | Color deficiency occurs when a person's rods do not function
properly. | d. | Color deficiency
is due to a problem with the optic nerve. |
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41.
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Sensation is the process of _____ raw sensory data from the internal and
external world and transmitting it to the brain.
a. | receiving and translating | c. | receiving and
organizing | b. | selecting and organizing | d. | selecting, receiving, and organizing |
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42.
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Sensory receptors are _____.
a. | body cells specialized to receive and process distinct sensory
information | c. | both of these options | b. | brain cells specialized to detect and respond
to stimulus energy | d. | none of
these options |
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43.
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Transduction is the process of converting _____.
a. | neural impulses into mental representations of the world | c. | stimulation of a
receptor into neural impulses | b. | receptors into transmitters | d. | receptors into neural
impulses |
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44.
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The smallest magnitude of a particular stimulus energy that can be detected is
called its _____ threshold.
a. | signal | c. | absolute | b. | difference | d. | detection |
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45.
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The difference threshold is the minimal _____.
a. | difference needed to notice a stimulus change | c. | stimulus energy that can be
detected at different times by the same person | b. | stimulus energy that can be detected by
different people | d. | all of
these options |
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46.
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These neurotransmitters act like morphine to inhibit pain perception.
a. | GABA | c. | endorphins | b. | epinephrine | d. | norepinephrine |
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47.
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_____ is the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given
time.
a. | Frequency | c. | Electrogenesis | b. | Amplitude | d. | Transduction |
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48.
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This is the curved, tough, protective transparent shield on the front of the eye
through which light enters.
a. | pupil | c. | lens | b. | cornea | d. | chorid |
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49.
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The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the opening of the
_____.
a. | lens | c. | pupil | b. | optic chiasm | d. | cornea |
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50.
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The _____ is the transparent elastic structure that focuses light on the back of
the eyes by changing shape.
a. | pupil | c. | fovea | b. | iris | d. | lens |
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