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Chapter 16:  Psychological Disorders



Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

The term __________ means losing touch with reality.
a.
psychopathic
c.
manic
b.
psychotic
d.
neurotic
 

 2. 

Jeanine does not like dirt or germs. In fact, she dislikes them so much that
she washes her hands 200 to 300 times a day to make sure she does not get
"infected". She has even developed a little ritual she performs each time
she washes her hands to make sure she gets them thoroughly clean. She is
ddriven to perform this hand-washing riual after touching anything in her
house, or she suffers overwhelming anxiety. Jeanine's behavior is typical of
a(n) __________.
a.
hallucination
c.
obsession
b.
delusion
d.
compulsion
 

 3. 

Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?
a.
obsessive-compulsive disorder
c.
posttraumatic stress disorder
b.
a phobia
d.
conversion disorder
 

 4. 

Defining abnormality as deviation from normality
a.
is psychologically unhealthy.
c.
assumes that what most people do is normal.
b.
is accepted under DSM-IV classification.
d.
allows abnormal people to adjust to the label.
 

 5. 

A phobia is characterized by
a.
fear of a particular object or situation.
c.
constant unhappiness.
b.
feeling euphoric for no reason.
d.
a limited attention span.
 

 6. 

People who strive for self-actualization
a.
are always easy to get along with.
c.
strive to express their individuality and maximize their potential.
b.
are interested only in themselves.
d.
form the majority of the population.
 

 7. 

Most agoraphobics are __________.
a.
elderly
c.
children
b.
women
d.
men
 

 8. 

When a person develops ____ a drug, he or she needs an increased amount in order to produce the original effect.
a.
an addiction to
c.
withdrawal from
b.
tolerance to
d.
psychological dependence on
 

 9. 

A person with dissociative identity disorder has __________.
a.
impulses to commit socially unacceptable behavior
c.
amnesia about personal information and past events
b.
frequent panic attacks
d.
two or more personalities
 

 10. 

Conversion disorders involve a change in __________.
a.
mood from depression to mania
c.
body shape from compulsive dieting
b.
physical functioning with no medical explanation
d.
levels of anxiety about an object associated with a traumatic event
 

 11. 

A dissociative disorder that involves flight from home and the assumption of a
new identity, with amnesia for past identity and events is called __________.
a.
dissociative fugue
c.
depersonalization disorder
b.
somatization disorder
d.
dissociative identity disorder
 

 12. 

The classification system produced by the American Psychiatric Association and used to
describe abnormal behaviors is called the DSM-IV-TR.  DSM is an abbreviation for
_____.
a.
Diagnosis and Symptoms Manual
c.
Diagnosis, Symptoms, and Management Manual
b.
Diseases and Symptoms of Mental Disorders
d.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
 

 13. 

The most widely accepted explanation for dissociative identity disorder is
that it is a response to __________.
a.
role diffusion
c.
childhood abuse
b.
neurotransmitter imbalances
d.
extreme loneliness
 

 14. 

DSM-IV was designed to provide a complete list of __________.
a.
psychologic disorders
c.
treatment models
b.
innate predisposition
d.
health providers
 

 15. 

In Rosenhan's study, the _____ detected the deception of the pseudopatients.
a.
doctors
c.
patients
b.
everyone except the doctors
d.
nurses
 

 16. 

A person with catatonic schizophrenia is most affected in __________.
a.
speech patterns
c.
bodily movements
b.
thought organization
d.
mood swings
 

 17. 

This is NOT a cause of mental illness.
a.
exposure to stress
c.
family interactions
b.
genetics
d.
personal weakness
 

 18. 

A dissociative reaction occurs when a person
a.
loses identity or memory.
c.
has psychosomatic symptoms.
b.
changes careers.
d.
gives up a lifelong friend.
 

 19. 

Individuals with paranoid-type schizophrenia
a.
blame doctors for their distress.
c.
remain motionless for long periods.
b.
have hallucinations and/or delusions.
d.
believe that no one else exists.
 

 20. 

The most common mood disorder is __________.
a.
bipolar disorder
c.
mania
b.
amnesia
d.
depression
 

 21. 

__________ schizophrenia is characterized by giggling, grimaces, and frantic
gesturing.
a.
catatonic
c.
disorganized
b.
undifferentiated
d.
paranoid
 

 22. 

The onset of schizophrenia generally takes place in __________.
a.
childhood
c.
infancy
b.
adolescence
d.
adulthood
 

 23. 

The personality disorder that causes people to be distrustful and suspicious
of others is __________.
a.
avoidant personality disorder
c.
paranoid personality disorder
b.
antisocial personality disorder
d.
schizoid personality disorder
 

 24. 

When a person feels very anxious and cannot stop thinking about something even though it is unpleasant, he or she suffers from
a.
rigidity.
c.
an obsession.
b.
depression.
d.
a compulsion.
 

 25. 

This is the current term for serious mental disorders characterized by a loss of contact
with reality and extreme mental disruptions.
a.
hysteria
c.
neurosis
b.
insanity
d.
psychosis
 

 26. 

Psychologists determine whether a person has a psychological disorder based on
whether his or her behavior __________.
a.
is maladaptive
c.
causes emotional discomfort
b.
is socially acceptable or not
d.
is all of the above
 

 27. 

Brain imaging techniques have shown that the brains of people who have schizophrenia often show signs of
a.
overactive neurotransmitters.
c.
a shrinking cerebellum.
b.
an enlarged frontal lobe.
d.
deteriorated brain tissue.
 

 28. 

Which of the following was NOT a treatment for abnormal behavior in earlier times?
a.
exorcism
c.
trephining
b.
burning or drowning
d.
phrenology
 

 29. 

The __________ personality displays an early total self-absorption, grandiose
self-importance, and a need for constant attention and admiration.
a.
narcissistic
c.
inadequate
b.
histrionic
d.
borderline
 

 30. 

Hypochondriasis is a type of __________.
a.
somatoform disorder
c.
anxiety disorder
b.
dissociative disorder
d.
mood disorder
 

 31. 

Dissociative amnesia is caused by __________.
a.
a traumatic event
c.
a severe head injury
b.
genetic factors
d.
all of the above
 

 32. 

Transforming emotional difficulties into the loss of a physiological function is known as
a.
a conversion reaction.
c.
fugue.
b.
an obsession.
d.
a dissociative reaction.
 

 33. 

A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets insignificant symptoms as
signs of serious illness in the absence of any organic evidence of such an
illness is called __________.
a.
a conversion disorder
c.
hypochondriasis
b.
body dysmorphic disorder
d.
somatization disorder
 

 34. 

The MAJOR importance of the Rosenhan study of pseudopatients is that _____.
a.
staff may lose sight of a person's individuality once a diagnostic label is assigned
c.
psychiatrists often misdiagnose people with abnormal behavior
b.
research like this is unethical because it may harm the participants
d.
patients are better than trained professionals at diagnosing mental disorders
 

 35. 

The most widely used classification scheme for psychological disorders is the
__________.
a.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
c.
California Personality Inventory
b.
Social Readjustment Rating Scale
d.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
 

 36. 

Rosenhan and his colleagues were admitted to mental hospitals with a diagnosis of
_____ because they claimed to have _____.
a.
multiple personality disorder; voices in their heads
c.
paranoia; auditory hallucinations
b.
schizophrenia; auditory hallucinations
d.
bipolar disorder; delusions of grandeur
 

 37. 

Anxiety disorders are _____.
a.
characterized by unrealistic, irrational fear
c.
the least frequent of the mental disorders
b.
twice as common in men as in women
d.
all of these options
 

 38. 

An extreme fear of being in a public place is called
a.
claustrophobia.
c.
agoraphobia.
b.
acrophobia.
d.
monophobia.
 

 39. 

This is an outdated term for disorders characterized by unrealistic anxiety and other
associated problems.
a.
psychasthenia
c.
psychosis
b.
neurosis
d.
hysteria
 

 40. 

A repetitive, ritualistic behavior that a person feels driven to perform is
called a(n) __________.
a.
impulse
c.
delusion
b.
obsession
d.
compulsion
 

 41. 

A person in the manic phase may have __________.
a.
more than two personalities
c.
recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
b.
delusions about superior abilities
d.
all of the above
 

 42. 

According to psychoanalytic theory, anxiety disorders are the result of
__________.
a.
repressed childhood urges
c.
the overwhelming of the ego by the urges of the id
b.
the failure to achieve individuation
d.
all of the above
 

 43. 

Research suggests that a biological vulnerability to schizophrenia may lie in
excess amounts of __________.
a.
thyroxin
c.
dopamine
b.
vasopressin
d.
epinephrine
 

 44. 

Disorders characterized by disturbances in a person's emotional stats are
known as __________ disorders.
a.
somatoform
c.
conversion
b.
dissociative
d.
mood
 

 45. 

The purpose of the DSM-IV-TR is to provide ____.
a.
explanations of the causes of disorders
c.
treatment recommendations for disorders
b.
descriptions of disorders
d.
all of these options
 

 46. 

_____ is a legal term for people with a mental disorder that implies a lack of
responsibility for their behavior and an inability to manage their affairs.
a.
Incompetence
c.
Psychosis
b.
Neurosis
d.
Insanity
 

 47. 

A person with a bipolar disorder experiences alternating periods of
a.
a wild fantasy life and sadness.
c.
amnesia and despair.
b.
frantic action and deep despair.
d.
mild sadness and severe guilt.
 

 48. 

Schizophrenics that have delusions of people following or watching them are
known as __________ schizophrenics.
a.
paranoid
c.
grandiose
b.
catatonic
d.
disorganized
 

 49. 

In ancient primitive tribes, mental illness was nearly always attributed to
__________.
a.
improper diet
c.
supernatural powers
b.
social forces
d.
biological disorders
 

 50. 

People with personality disorders suffer disruptions in their social life or work
because of __________.
a.
patterns of inflexible traits
c.
hallucinations
b.
delusions of grandeur
d.
all of the above
 



 
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